chore: move vsock into runtime for entropy per VM

This commit is contained in:
Harivansh Rathi 2026-04-07 20:48:17 +00:00
parent e21c50f331
commit 634356acd6
4 changed files with 163 additions and 305 deletions

View file

@ -3,132 +3,29 @@ package config
import (
"fmt"
"os"
"strconv"
"strings"
"github.com/getcompanion-ai/computer-host/internal/firecracker"
)
const (
defaultGuestKernelArgs = "console=ttyS0 reboot=k panic=1 pci=off"
defaultGuestMemoryMiB = 512
defaultGuestVCPUs = 1
defaultVSockCID = 3
defaultVSockID = "vsock0"
)
// Config contains the minimum host-local settings required to boot a machine.
type Config struct {
Runtime RuntimeConfig
Machine MachineConfig
VSock VSockConfig
}
// RuntimeConfig contains host-local runtime settings.
type RuntimeConfig struct {
RootDir string
FirecrackerBinaryPath string
JailerBinaryPath string
JailerUID int
JailerGID int
NumaNode int
NetworkCIDR string
KernelImagePath string
RootFSPath string
}
// MachineConfig contains the default guest boot settings.
type MachineConfig struct {
KernelImagePath string
RootFSPath string
KernelArgs string
VCPUs int64
MemoryMiB int64
}
// VSockConfig contains optional default vsock settings.
type VSockConfig struct {
Enabled bool
BaseDir string
ID string
CID uint32
}
// Load loads and validates the firecracker-host configuration from the
// environment.
// Load loads and validates the firecracker-host configuration from the environment.
func Load() (Config, error) {
cfg := Config{
Runtime: RuntimeConfig{
RootDir: strings.TrimSpace(os.Getenv("FIRECRACKER_HOST_ROOT_DIR")),
FirecrackerBinaryPath: strings.TrimSpace(os.Getenv("FIRECRACKER_BINARY_PATH")),
JailerBinaryPath: strings.TrimSpace(os.Getenv("JAILER_BINARY_PATH")),
JailerUID: os.Getuid(),
JailerGID: os.Getgid(),
NetworkCIDR: strings.TrimSpace(os.Getenv("FIRECRACKER_NETWORK_CIDR")),
},
Machine: MachineConfig{
KernelImagePath: strings.TrimSpace(os.Getenv("FIRECRACKER_GUEST_KERNEL_PATH")),
RootFSPath: strings.TrimSpace(os.Getenv("FIRECRACKER_GUEST_ROOTFS_PATH")),
KernelArgs: defaultGuestKernelArgs,
VCPUs: defaultGuestVCPUs,
MemoryMiB: defaultGuestMemoryMiB,
},
VSock: VSockConfig{
ID: defaultVSockID,
CID: defaultVSockCID,
},
RootDir: strings.TrimSpace(os.Getenv("FIRECRACKER_HOST_ROOT_DIR")),
FirecrackerBinaryPath: strings.TrimSpace(os.Getenv("FIRECRACKER_BINARY_PATH")),
JailerBinaryPath: strings.TrimSpace(os.Getenv("JAILER_BINARY_PATH")),
KernelImagePath: strings.TrimSpace(os.Getenv("FIRECRACKER_GUEST_KERNEL_PATH")),
RootFSPath: strings.TrimSpace(os.Getenv("FIRECRACKER_GUEST_ROOTFS_PATH")),
}
if value := strings.TrimSpace(os.Getenv("FIRECRACKER_GUEST_KERNEL_ARGS")); value != "" {
cfg.Machine.KernelArgs = value
}
if value := strings.TrimSpace(os.Getenv("FIRECRACKER_BINARY_PATH")); value == "" {
cfg.Runtime.FirecrackerBinaryPath = "firecracker"
}
if value := strings.TrimSpace(os.Getenv("JAILER_BINARY_PATH")); value == "" {
cfg.Runtime.JailerBinaryPath = "jailer"
}
if value, ok, err := lookupIntEnv("FIRECRACKER_JAILER_UID"); err != nil {
return Config{}, err
} else if ok {
cfg.Runtime.JailerUID = value
}
if value, ok, err := lookupIntEnv("FIRECRACKER_JAILER_GID"); err != nil {
return Config{}, err
} else if ok {
cfg.Runtime.JailerGID = value
}
if value, ok, err := lookupIntEnv("FIRECRACKER_NUMA_NODE"); err != nil {
return Config{}, err
} else if ok {
cfg.Runtime.NumaNode = value
}
if value, ok, err := lookupInt64Env("FIRECRACKER_GUEST_VCPUS"); err != nil {
return Config{}, err
} else if ok {
cfg.Machine.VCPUs = value
}
if value, ok, err := lookupInt64Env("FIRECRACKER_GUEST_MEMORY_MIB"); err != nil {
return Config{}, err
} else if ok {
cfg.Machine.MemoryMiB = value
}
if value, ok, err := lookupBoolEnv("FIRECRACKER_VSOCK_ENABLED"); err != nil {
return Config{}, err
} else if ok {
cfg.VSock.Enabled = value
}
if value := strings.TrimSpace(os.Getenv("FIRECRACKER_VSOCK_BASE_DIR")); value != "" {
cfg.VSock.BaseDir = value
}
if value := strings.TrimSpace(os.Getenv("FIRECRACKER_VSOCK_ID")); value != "" {
cfg.VSock.ID = value
}
if value, ok, err := lookupUint32Env("FIRECRACKER_VSOCK_CID"); err != nil {
return Config{}, err
} else if ok {
cfg.VSock.CID = value
}
if err := cfg.Validate(); err != nil {
return Config{}, err
}
@ -137,100 +34,29 @@ func Load() (Config, error) {
// Validate reports whether the host configuration is usable.
func (c Config) Validate() error {
if strings.TrimSpace(c.Runtime.RootDir) == "" {
if c.RootDir == "" {
return fmt.Errorf("FIRECRACKER_HOST_ROOT_DIR is required")
}
if strings.TrimSpace(c.Machine.KernelImagePath) == "" {
if c.FirecrackerBinaryPath == "" {
return fmt.Errorf("FIRECRACKER_BINARY_PATH is required")
}
if c.JailerBinaryPath == "" {
return fmt.Errorf("JAILER_BINARY_PATH is required")
}
if c.KernelImagePath == "" {
return fmt.Errorf("FIRECRACKER_GUEST_KERNEL_PATH is required")
}
if strings.TrimSpace(c.Machine.RootFSPath) == "" {
if c.RootFSPath == "" {
return fmt.Errorf("FIRECRACKER_GUEST_ROOTFS_PATH is required")
}
if c.Machine.VCPUs < 1 {
return fmt.Errorf("FIRECRACKER_GUEST_VCPUS must be at least 1")
}
if c.Machine.MemoryMiB < 1 {
return fmt.Errorf("FIRECRACKER_GUEST_MEMORY_MIB must be at least 1")
}
if c.Runtime.NumaNode < 0 {
return fmt.Errorf("FIRECRACKER_NUMA_NODE must be non-negative")
}
if c.VSock.Enabled {
if strings.TrimSpace(c.VSock.BaseDir) == "" {
return fmt.Errorf("FIRECRACKER_VSOCK_BASE_DIR is required when FIRECRACKER_VSOCK_ENABLED is true")
}
if c.VSock.CID == 0 {
return fmt.Errorf("FIRECRACKER_VSOCK_CID must be non-zero when FIRECRACKER_VSOCK_ENABLED is true")
}
if strings.TrimSpace(c.VSock.ID) == "" {
return fmt.Errorf("FIRECRACKER_VSOCK_ID is required when FIRECRACKER_VSOCK_ENABLED is true")
}
}
return nil
}
// FirecrackerRuntimeConfig converts the host config into the runtime wrapper's
// concrete runtime config.
// FirecrackerRuntimeConfig converts the host config into the runtime wrapper's concrete runtime config.
func (c Config) FirecrackerRuntimeConfig() firecracker.RuntimeConfig {
return firecracker.RuntimeConfig{
RootDir: c.Runtime.RootDir,
FirecrackerBinaryPath: c.Runtime.FirecrackerBinaryPath,
JailerBinaryPath: c.Runtime.JailerBinaryPath,
JailerUID: c.Runtime.JailerUID,
JailerGID: c.Runtime.JailerGID,
NumaNode: c.Runtime.NumaNode,
NetworkCIDR: c.Runtime.NetworkCIDR,
RootDir: c.RootDir,
FirecrackerBinaryPath: c.FirecrackerBinaryPath,
JailerBinaryPath: c.JailerBinaryPath,
}
}
func lookupBoolEnv(key string) (bool, bool, error) {
raw, ok := os.LookupEnv(key)
if !ok || strings.TrimSpace(raw) == "" {
return false, false, nil
}
value, err := strconv.ParseBool(strings.TrimSpace(raw))
if err != nil {
return false, false, fmt.Errorf("parse %s: %w", key, err)
}
return value, true, nil
}
func lookupIntEnv(key string) (int, bool, error) {
raw, ok := os.LookupEnv(key)
if !ok || strings.TrimSpace(raw) == "" {
return 0, false, nil
}
value, err := strconv.Atoi(strings.TrimSpace(raw))
if err != nil {
return 0, false, fmt.Errorf("parse %s: %w", key, err)
}
return value, true, nil
}
func lookupInt64Env(key string) (int64, bool, error) {
raw, ok := os.LookupEnv(key)
if !ok || strings.TrimSpace(raw) == "" {
return 0, false, nil
}
value, err := strconv.ParseInt(strings.TrimSpace(raw), 10, 64)
if err != nil {
return 0, false, fmt.Errorf("parse %s: %w", key, err)
}
return value, true, nil
}
func lookupUint32Env(key string) (uint32, bool, error) {
raw, ok := os.LookupEnv(key)
if !ok || strings.TrimSpace(raw) == "" {
return 0, false, nil
}
value, err := strconv.ParseUint(strings.TrimSpace(raw), 10, 32)
if err != nil {
return 0, false, fmt.Errorf("parse %s: %w", key, err)
}
return uint32(value), true, nil
}

View file

@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ import (
"fmt"
"os"
"path/filepath"
"strings"
"sync"
"time"
@ -20,22 +21,18 @@ type RuntimeConfig struct {
RootDir string
FirecrackerBinaryPath string
JailerBinaryPath string
JailerUID int
JailerGID int
NumaNode int
NetworkCIDR string
NetworkAllocator *NetworkAllocator
NetworkProvisioner NetworkProvisioner
}
// Runtime manages local Firecracker machines on a single host.
type Runtime struct {
config RuntimeConfig
rootDir string
firecrackerBinaryPath string
jailerBinaryPath string
networkAllocator *NetworkAllocator
networkProvisioner NetworkProvisioner
mu sync.RWMutex
machines map[MachineID]*managedMachine
newMachine func(context.Context, sdk.Config) (*sdk.Machine, error)
}
type managedMachine struct {
@ -46,48 +43,48 @@ type managedMachine struct {
state MachineState
}
const (
defaultVSockCIDStart = uint32(3)
defaultVSockDirName = "vsock"
defaultVSockID = "vsock0"
)
// NewRuntime creates a new host-local Firecracker runtime wrapper.
func NewRuntime(cfg RuntimeConfig) (*Runtime, error) {
cfg.RootDir = filepath.Clean(cfg.RootDir)
if cfg.RootDir == "." || cfg.RootDir == "" {
rootDir := filepath.Clean(strings.TrimSpace(cfg.RootDir))
if rootDir == "." || rootDir == "" {
return nil, fmt.Errorf("runtime root dir is required")
}
if err := os.MkdirAll(cfg.RootDir, 0o755); err != nil {
return nil, fmt.Errorf("create runtime root dir %q: %w", cfg.RootDir, err)
firecrackerBinaryPath := strings.TrimSpace(cfg.FirecrackerBinaryPath)
if firecrackerBinaryPath == "" {
return nil, fmt.Errorf("firecracker binary path is required")
}
if cfg.FirecrackerBinaryPath == "" {
cfg.FirecrackerBinaryPath = "firecracker"
jailerBinaryPath := strings.TrimSpace(cfg.JailerBinaryPath)
if jailerBinaryPath == "" {
return nil, fmt.Errorf("jailer binary path is required")
}
if cfg.JailerBinaryPath == "" {
cfg.JailerBinaryPath = "jailer"
if err := os.MkdirAll(rootDir, 0o755); err != nil {
return nil, fmt.Errorf("create runtime root dir %q: %w", rootDir, err)
}
if cfg.JailerUID == 0 {
cfg.JailerUID = os.Getuid()
if err := os.MkdirAll(filepath.Join(rootDir, defaultVSockDirName), 0o755); err != nil {
return nil, fmt.Errorf("create runtime vsock dir: %w", err)
}
if cfg.JailerGID == 0 {
cfg.JailerGID = os.Getgid()
}
if cfg.NumaNode < 0 {
cfg.NumaNode = 0
}
if cfg.NetworkAllocator == nil {
allocator, err := NewNetworkAllocator(cfg.NetworkCIDR)
if err != nil {
return nil, err
}
cfg.NetworkAllocator = allocator
}
if cfg.NetworkProvisioner == nil {
cfg.NetworkProvisioner = NewIPTapProvisioner()
allocator, err := NewNetworkAllocator(defaultNetworkCIDR)
if err != nil {
return nil, err
}
return &Runtime{
config: cfg,
machines: make(map[MachineID]*managedMachine),
newMachine: func(ctx context.Context, cfg sdk.Config) (*sdk.Machine, error) {
return sdk.NewMachine(ctx, cfg)
},
rootDir: rootDir,
firecrackerBinaryPath: firecrackerBinaryPath,
jailerBinaryPath: jailerBinaryPath,
networkAllocator: allocator,
networkProvisioner: NewIPTapProvisioner(),
machines: make(map[MachineID]*managedMachine),
}, nil
}
@ -102,12 +99,25 @@ func (r *Runtime) Boot(ctx context.Context, spec MachineSpec) (*MachineState, er
r.mu.Unlock()
return nil, fmt.Errorf("machine %q already exists", spec.ID)
}
usedNetworks := make([]NetworkAllocation, 0, len(r.machines))
usedVSockCIDs := make(map[uint32]struct{}, len(r.machines))
for _, machine := range r.machines {
if machine != nil {
usedNetworks = append(usedNetworks, machine.network)
if machine == nil {
continue
}
usedNetworks = append(usedNetworks, machine.network)
if machine.spec.Vsock != nil {
usedVSockCIDs[machine.spec.Vsock.CID] = struct{}{}
}
}
spec, err := r.resolveVSock(spec, usedVSockCIDs)
if err != nil {
r.mu.Unlock()
return nil, err
}
r.machines[spec.ID] = &managedMachine{
spec: spec,
state: MachineState{
@ -118,7 +128,8 @@ func (r *Runtime) Boot(ctx context.Context, spec MachineSpec) (*MachineState, er
r.mu.Unlock()
cleanup := func(network NetworkAllocation, paths machinePaths) {
_ = r.config.NetworkProvisioner.Remove(context.Background(), network)
_ = r.networkProvisioner.Remove(context.Background(), network)
_ = removeIfExists(vsockPath(spec))
if paths.BaseDir != "" {
_ = os.RemoveAll(paths.BaseDir)
}
@ -127,13 +138,13 @@ func (r *Runtime) Boot(ctx context.Context, spec MachineSpec) (*MachineState, er
r.mu.Unlock()
}
network, err := r.config.NetworkAllocator.Allocate(usedNetworks)
network, err := r.networkAllocator.Allocate(usedNetworks)
if err != nil {
cleanup(NetworkAllocation{}, machinePaths{})
return nil, err
}
paths, err := buildMachinePaths(r.config.RootDir, spec.ID, r.config.FirecrackerBinaryPath)
paths, err := buildMachinePaths(r.rootDir, spec.ID, r.firecrackerBinaryPath)
if err != nil {
cleanup(network, machinePaths{})
return nil, err
@ -142,18 +153,18 @@ func (r *Runtime) Boot(ctx context.Context, spec MachineSpec) (*MachineState, er
cleanup(network, paths)
return nil, fmt.Errorf("create machine jailer dir %q: %w", paths.JailerBaseDir, err)
}
if err := r.config.NetworkProvisioner.Ensure(ctx, network); err != nil {
if err := r.networkProvisioner.Ensure(ctx, network); err != nil {
cleanup(network, paths)
return nil, err
}
cfg, err := buildSDKConfig(spec, paths, network, r.config)
cfg, err := buildSDKConfig(spec, paths, network, r.firecrackerBinaryPath, r.jailerBinaryPath)
if err != nil {
cleanup(network, paths)
return nil, err
}
machine, err := r.newMachine(ctx, cfg)
machine, err := sdk.NewMachine(ctx, cfg)
if err != nil {
cleanup(network, paths)
return nil, fmt.Errorf("create firecracker machine: %w", err)
@ -263,7 +274,10 @@ func (r *Runtime) Delete(ctx context.Context, id MachineID) error {
return err
}
}
if err := r.config.NetworkProvisioner.Remove(ctx, entry.network); err != nil {
if err := r.networkProvisioner.Remove(ctx, entry.network); err != nil {
return err
}
if err := removeIfExists(vsockPath(entry.spec)); err != nil {
return err
}
if err := os.RemoveAll(entry.paths.BaseDir); err != nil {
@ -299,3 +313,50 @@ func (r *Runtime) watchMachine(id MachineID, machine *sdk.Machine) {
}
entry.state.Error = ""
}
func (r *Runtime) resolveVSock(spec MachineSpec, used map[uint32]struct{}) (MachineSpec, error) {
if spec.Vsock != nil {
if _, exists := used[spec.Vsock.CID]; exists {
return MachineSpec{}, fmt.Errorf("vsock cid %d already in use", spec.Vsock.CID)
}
return spec, nil
}
cid, err := nextVSockCID(used)
if err != nil {
return MachineSpec{}, err
}
spec.Vsock = &VsockSpec{
ID: defaultVSockID,
CID: cid,
Path: filepath.Join(r.rootDir, defaultVSockDirName, string(spec.ID)+".sock"),
}
return spec, nil
}
func nextVSockCID(used map[uint32]struct{}) (uint32, error) {
for cid := defaultVSockCIDStart; cid != 0; cid++ {
if _, exists := used[cid]; !exists {
return cid, nil
}
}
return 0, fmt.Errorf("vsock cid space exhausted")
}
func vsockPath(spec MachineSpec) string {
if spec.Vsock == nil {
return ""
}
return strings.TrimSpace(spec.Vsock.Path)
}
func removeIfExists(path string) error {
if path == "" {
return nil
}
if err := os.Remove(path); err != nil && !errors.Is(err, os.ErrNotExist) {
return fmt.Errorf("remove path %q: %w", path, err)
}
return nil
}

View file

@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ import (
"fmt"
"net"
"net/netip"
"os"
"path/filepath"
"strings"
@ -11,15 +12,23 @@ import (
models "github.com/firecracker-microvm/firecracker-go-sdk/client/models"
)
func buildSDKConfig(spec MachineSpec, paths machinePaths, network NetworkAllocation, runtime RuntimeConfig) (sdk.Config, error) {
const defaultNumaNode = 0
func buildSDKConfig(spec MachineSpec, paths machinePaths, network NetworkAllocation, firecrackerBinaryPath string, jailerBinaryPath string) (sdk.Config, error) {
if err := spec.Validate(); err != nil {
return sdk.Config{}, err
}
if runtime.FirecrackerBinaryPath == "" {
firecrackerBinaryPath = strings.TrimSpace(firecrackerBinaryPath)
if firecrackerBinaryPath == "" {
return sdk.Config{}, fmt.Errorf("firecracker binary path is required")
}
jailerBinaryPath = strings.TrimSpace(jailerBinaryPath)
if jailerBinaryPath == "" {
return sdk.Config{}, fmt.Errorf("jailer binary path is required")
}
drives := sdk.NewDrivesBuilder(spec.RootFSPath)
for _, drive := range spec.Drives {
drives = drives.AddDrive(
@ -51,12 +60,12 @@ func buildSDKConfig(spec MachineSpec, paths machinePaths, network NetworkAllocat
Smt: sdk.Bool(false),
},
JailerCfg: &sdk.JailerConfig{
GID: sdk.Int(runtime.JailerGID),
UID: sdk.Int(runtime.JailerUID),
GID: sdk.Int(os.Getgid()),
UID: sdk.Int(os.Getuid()),
ID: string(spec.ID),
NumaNode: sdk.Int(runtime.NumaNode),
ExecFile: runtime.FirecrackerBinaryPath,
JailerBinary: runtime.JailerBinaryPath,
NumaNode: sdk.Int(defaultNumaNode),
ExecFile: firecrackerBinaryPath,
JailerBinary: jailerBinaryPath,
ChrootBaseDir: paths.JailerBaseDir,
ChrootStrategy: sdk.NewNaiveChrootStrategy(filepath.Clean(spec.KernelImagePath)),
},

View file

@ -3,8 +3,6 @@ package service
import (
"context"
"fmt"
"os"
"path/filepath"
"strings"
appconfig "github.com/getcompanion-ai/computer-host/internal/config"
@ -25,29 +23,22 @@ type Service struct {
runtime MachineRuntime
}
// CreateMachineRequest contains the minimum machine creation inputs above the
// raw runtime layer.
// CreateMachineRequest contains the minimum machine creation inputs above the raw runtime layer.
type CreateMachineRequest struct {
ID firecracker.MachineID
KernelImagePath string
RootFSPath string
KernelArgs string
VCPUs int64
MemoryMiB int64
Drives []firecracker.DriveSpec
VSock *firecracker.VsockSpec
ID firecracker.MachineID
}
const (
defaultGuestKernelArgs = "console=ttyS0 reboot=k panic=1 pci=off"
defaultGuestMemoryMiB = int64(512)
defaultGuestVCPUs = int64(1)
)
// New constructs a new host-local service from the app config.
func New(cfg appconfig.Config) (*Service, error) {
if err := cfg.Validate(); err != nil {
return nil, err
}
if cfg.VSock.Enabled {
if err := os.MkdirAll(cfg.VSock.BaseDir, 0o755); err != nil {
return nil, fmt.Errorf("create vsock base dir %q: %w", cfg.VSock.BaseDir, err)
}
}
runtime, err := firecracker.NewRuntime(cfg.FirecrackerRuntimeConfig())
if err != nil {
@ -60,8 +51,7 @@ func New(cfg appconfig.Config) (*Service, error) {
}, nil
}
// CreateMachine boots a new local machine using config defaults plus request
// overrides.
// CreateMachine boots a new local machine from the single supported host default shape.
func (s *Service) CreateMachine(ctx context.Context, req CreateMachineRequest) (*firecracker.MachineState, error) {
spec, err := s.buildMachineSpec(req)
if err != nil {
@ -86,49 +76,21 @@ func (s *Service) DeleteMachine(ctx context.Context, id firecracker.MachineID) e
}
func (s *Service) buildMachineSpec(req CreateMachineRequest) (firecracker.MachineSpec, error) {
if strings.TrimSpace(string(req.ID)) == "" {
return firecracker.MachineSpec{}, fmt.Errorf("machine id is required")
}
if s == nil {
return firecracker.MachineSpec{}, fmt.Errorf("service is required")
}
if strings.TrimSpace(string(req.ID)) == "" {
return firecracker.MachineSpec{}, fmt.Errorf("machine id is required")
}
spec := firecracker.MachineSpec{
ID: req.ID,
VCPUs: s.config.Machine.VCPUs,
MemoryMiB: s.config.Machine.MemoryMiB,
KernelImagePath: s.config.Machine.KernelImagePath,
RootFSPath: s.config.Machine.RootFSPath,
KernelArgs: s.config.Machine.KernelArgs,
Drives: append([]firecracker.DriveSpec(nil), req.Drives...),
VCPUs: defaultGuestVCPUs,
MemoryMiB: defaultGuestMemoryMiB,
KernelImagePath: s.config.KernelImagePath,
RootFSPath: s.config.RootFSPath,
KernelArgs: defaultGuestKernelArgs,
}
if value := strings.TrimSpace(req.KernelImagePath); value != "" {
spec.KernelImagePath = value
}
if value := strings.TrimSpace(req.RootFSPath); value != "" {
spec.RootFSPath = value
}
if value := strings.TrimSpace(req.KernelArgs); value != "" {
spec.KernelArgs = value
}
if req.VCPUs > 0 {
spec.VCPUs = req.VCPUs
}
if req.MemoryMiB > 0 {
spec.MemoryMiB = req.MemoryMiB
}
if req.VSock != nil {
vsock := *req.VSock
spec.Vsock = &vsock
} else if s.config.VSock.Enabled {
spec.Vsock = &firecracker.VsockSpec{
ID: s.config.VSock.ID,
CID: s.config.VSock.CID,
Path: filepath.Join(s.config.VSock.BaseDir, string(req.ID)+".sock"),
}
}
if err := spec.Validate(); err != nil {
return firecracker.MachineSpec{}, err
}